Warid hussin department of structure and materials, universiti teknologi malaysia johor bahru, malaysia abstract the use of pozzolans, either naturally occurring or artificially made, has been in practice since the early. Methods palm oil fuel ash was sourced from malaysia. Pdf compressive strength of palm oil fuel ash concrete. The binary effect of pulverized fuel ash pfa and palm oil fuel ash pofa on heat of hydration of aerated concrete was studied. This paper reports the key fresh properties of selfconsolidating concrete scc incorporating palm oil fuel ash pofa as a supplementary cementing material. After the extraction of the oil from the fresh palm fruit, both husk and shell are burnt in palm oil mill plants at a temperature of 8000c as boiler fuel to produce steam needed for electricity generation and palm oil extraction 3, 4. Fresh properties of selfconsolidating concrete incorporating. The compressive strength of concretes containing pofa was. Two types of mix, plain ops lwac and another one containing pofa. Effect of palm oil fuel ash as partial cement replacement on. The author denoted that the addition of oil palm fibre in the mixture moderately increased the density of the lightweight concrete. Bond strength evaluation of palm oil fuel ashbased geopolymer normal weight and lightweight concretes with steel reinforcement.
Recycled aggregates are aggregates derived fiom the processing of. Development of selfconsolidating high strength concrete. Use of waste ash from palm oil industry in concrete. Bond strength evaluation of palm oil fuel ashbased. Two types of mix, plain ops lwac and another one containing pofa as partial cement replacement have been used in this research.
Effect of palm oil fuel ash pofa on strength properties. Paper open access composites of palm oil fuel ash pofa. Palm oil fuel ash is a pozzolanic material which is a byproduct of burning palm oil husk and palm kernel shell in palm oil mill boilers. These problems can be reduced to large extent by using pofa in concrete. After combustion, a large quantity of ash is produced and creates problems of disposal. Utilization of palm oil fuel ash in highstrength concrete. Palm oil fuel ash pofa is a byproduct produced in palm oil mills. Effect of palm oil fuel ash pofa to steel fibre concrete. Palm oil fuel ash as a cement replacement in concrete volume 1 issue 1. Palm oil fuel ash pofa, a byproduct from the palm oil industry, is disposed of as waste in landfills. Effect of palm oil fuel ash pofa on strength properties of. Cement was abstract to produce concrete, cement is an essential material that binds together solid bodies but also is the largest producer of carbon. Palm oil fuel ash is a waste material generated in power plants as a result of the combustion of palm oil industry waste for the generation of electricity. Investigation on properties of concrete with palm oil fuel.
Binding gel characterization of alkaliactivated binders. Modelling the early strength of alkaliactivated cement. Teo department of civil engineering, faculty of engineering, universiti malaysia sarawak, 94300 kota samarahan, sarawak, malaysia date received. Durability of high performance concrete containing palm oil fuel ash palm oil fuel ash concrete a. By using this palm oil fuel ash as replacement for cement many things can be achieved like reduction in cost of concrete as the utilisation of cement is replaced with palm oil fuel ash, environmental damage can be minimised as the freely disposed palm oil fuel ash. The burning process results in an ash, which is referred to as palm oil fuel ash pofa. Effect of crushed tiles aggregate and oil palm additive on. Exploratory study of palm oil fuel ash as partial cement replacement in oil palm shell lightweight aggregate concrete k muthusamy, na zamri research journal of applied sciences, engineering and technology 8 2, 150152, 2014. Industrial byproduct from the palm oil mill in the form of palm oil fuel ash pofa can be used as a partial replacement for cement into the concrete mix due to its. Palm oil fuel ash as a cement replacement in concrete. Three aerated concrete mixes were prepared, namely, concrete containing 100% ordinary portland cement control sample or type i, binary concrete made from 50% pofa type ii, and ternary concrete containing 30% pofa and 20% pfa type iii. Modification of grout properties in prepacked aggregate.
Research article modification of grout properties in prepacked aggregate concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash rezahodjati,hosseinaslani,imanfaridmehr,a. Influence of palm oil fuel ash and wb ratios on compressive. For example, one of the scms is palm oil fuel ash pofa, which is an agrowaste produced by heating up palm oil fibers and shells to generate steam electricity in the palm oil mill 12. In the 1990s, tay started studying the properties of palm oil fuel ash as a concrete material. In addition to this, study the effect of pofa on the workability of concrete. Using different percentages of pofa leads to a nonlinear variation among the characteristics of concrete. This study investigates the effectiveness of agro waste ash byproduct palm oil fuel ash pofa as an alternative material to replace portland cement opc. However, by adding palm oil fuel ash into the concrete mixture, it gave the compressive strength up to 45 mpa at 28 days of curing. Researcharticle influence of palm oil fuel ash and wb ratios on compressive strength, water permeability, and chloride resistance of concrete wachilakornsanawung,1 tiengcheewaket,2. The resulting ultrafine palm oil fuel ash was then utilized to produce high strength concrete by replacing the ordinary portland cement at 0, 20, 40 and 60% on massformass basis. Utilization of palm oil fuel ash pofa in producing lightweight.
Various scc mixtures were produced based on the waterbinder ratio of 0. The main chemical composition of palm oil fuel ash is silica. Structural performance of sustainable waste palm oil fuel. However, research is needed to study the effect of this supplementary cementitious material on the durability properties of schsc. The characteristics of the palm oil fuel ash before and after treatment were monitored to assess the changes in the properties of the palm oil fuel ash. The present research investigates the strength performance of foamed palm oil clinker concrete when palm oil fuel ash is added as partial cement replacement. Palm oil fuel ash pofa is one of solid wastes generated from palm oil mill industry. In this study cement is replaced with palm oil fuel ash with varying percentages of 5, 7. Effect of palm oil fuel ash fineness on packing effect and.
Effect of palm oil fuel ash pofa on strength properties of concrete. Palm oil fuel ash poa is a byproduct from small power plant which use palm fiber, shell and empty fruit bunches as a fuel and burnt at 800 c. Utilization of palm oil fuel ash in concrete construction essay. The results obtained and the observation made clearly demonstrate that the partial replacement of cement by palm oil fuel ash is advantageous, particularly for mass concrete where thermal cracking due to excessive heat rise is of great concern. Researchers have investigated whether the material is suitable for the production of sustainable concrete.
Shell and fiber wastes are used extensively as fuel for steam production in palm. Palm oil fuel ash can also be used as an alternative to cement in highway pavement as the minimum 28day compressive. The present investigation looks into the effect of palm oil fuel ash content as partial cement replacement to compressive strength and acid resistance of oil palm shell lightweight aggregate concrete. Palm oil fuel ash pofa has been used as a partial cement replacement to produce selfconsolidating highstrength concrete schsc. Pofa was incorporated in concretes substituting 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of cement by weight.
Predicting the significant characteristics of concrete containing palm oil fuel ash hamed golizadeh. Concrete containing palm oil fuel ash pofa and oil palm shell ops subjected to elevated temperatures l. This paper presents use of improved palm oil fuel ash pofa as a pozzolanic material in producing highstrength concrete. Uncontrolled dumping of palm oil fuel ash pofa not only occupies valuable land but also creates environmental pollution and health hazard. Pastes of palm oil fuel ash pofa and fly ash geopolymer activated with sodium hydroxide naoh and combination of naoh with sodium silicate na 2 sio 3 were prepared and cured at 80 c for a duration of 7, 28, and 90 days. What is the scope of using palm oil fuel ash in concrete as a. Based on the specifications of astm c61894a, pofa could be classified as a pozzolanic material. In indonesia, the number of pofa increases year by year inline with the increase of palm oil plantations. These agrowaste ashes contained an amount of silica which could be used as a pozzolanic material. The results shows that concrete with 15% replacement gave the highest compressive strength and only series of concrete incorporating of fly ash surpass the strength of palm oil fuel ash concrete.
Oil palm fibre opf concrete additive pordesari 15 investigated the use of agricultural wastes from oil palm industry such as oil palm shell, palm oil fuel ash and palm oil fibre in concrete mixture. The conversion of pofa become useful and high grade products relatively has not been performed yet. Investigation on properties of concrete with palm oil fuel ash as cement replacement. Concrete containing palm oil fuel ash pofa and oil palm.
The present research investigates the strength performance of foamed palm oil clinker concrete when palm oil fuel ash is. By using this palm oil fuel ash as replacement for cement many things can be achieved like reduction in cost of concrete as the utilisation of cement is replaced with palm oil fuel ash, environmental damage can be minimised as the freely disposed palm oil fuel ash is being used in manufacturing concrete also the durability, appearance and. The study was conducted by replacing portland cement with pofa ranging between 10 and 50%. In this study workability properties of concrete like slump test were done and it has shown satisfactory results and strength property, flexural strength is done. As malaysia focusing into main hub for biotechnology industry in the region, it is estimated that million tones of its waste will be produced yearly and malaysian government acquired to allocate more dumped area for disposal. The pofa was ground by ball mill until the median particle size was reduce. Palm oil fuel ash pofa, a waste material obtained from burning of palm oil husk and palm kernel shell as fuel in palm oil mill boilers, which has been identified as a good pozzolanic material. In this study, palm oil fuel ash pofa was utilized as pozzolanic material in concrete. This study is an attempt to highlight the use of palm oil fuel ash pofa with fly ash, instead of cement, in reinforced concrete beams. Characteristics of treated palm oil fuel ash and its effects.
Effect of palm oil fuel ash pofa fineness on the mechanical. In this study, pofa was utilized as a pozzolan in concrete. Palm oil fuel ash pofa is byproduct obtained by burning of fibers, shells and empty fruit bunches as fuel in palm oil mill boilers. Experiments were carried out by supplementing cem i cement by weight in concrete mixes with pofa at 2. The hydrated binding gel products were studied on phase, morphology, and bonding characterization. Compressive strength of palm oil fuel ash concrete. Selfcompacting concrete is defined as a type of concrete that no additional inner or outer vibration is necessary for the compaction with a high performance in flowability and passing ability. Thus, this research project presents the effect of palm oil fuel ash pofa on the mechanical properties of concrete in this research project, pof a was used as supplementary cementing material to replace cement in concrete production. Palm oil fuel ash which contains siliceous compositions produces a stronger and denser concrete. Palm oil fuel ash pofa and polyvinyl alcohol fibres were used to make an alkaliactivated cementitious composite mortar, which was then tested. A lack of enough information on the advantages of pofa in the concrete. Recyclable materials in concrete by using palm oil fuel ash and brick name. Research article modification of grout properties in. Oct 24, 20 palm oil fuel ash pofa is byproduct obtained by burning of fibers, shells and empty fruit bunches as fuel in palm oil mill boilers.
In thailand, more than 100, 000 tons of palm oil fuel ash are produced annually tangchirapat et al. Palm oil fuel ash pofa is used as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete. Meanwhile boiler ash is the biomass known as mesocarp. Study on the behaviour of high strength palm oil fuel ash. Nevertheless, by adding palm oil fuel ash into the concrete mixture, it gave the compressive strength up to 45mpa at 28 days of curing. The fresh and hardened properties of schsc containing pofa have been extensively investigated by researchers. This ash has pozzolanic properties that not only enables the replacement of cement but also plays an important role in making strong and durable concrete. All test specimens are made up of concrete where ordinary portland cement. This chapter also discussed the previous investigation and testing done with recycled aggregate concrete containing palm oil fuel ash pofa. Effective consumption of pofa in concrete, would decrease.
There are two types of palm ash waste which are palm oil fuel ash pofa and boiler ash. The feasibility of using the shell and fiber ash as a construction material is studied. Concrete containing 35% of palm oil fuel ash represented highest value of compacting factor comparing to pofa percentage. Sf and slag sg are the examples of supplementary cementitious material used in concrete 1. Therefore, it is needed to devise new ways to benefit from these waste materials and avoid the potential risks.
Dec 06, 2004 this paper presents use of improved palm oil fuel ash pofa as a pozzolanic material in producing highstrength concrete. Acid resistance of oil palm shell lightweight aggregate. Hence, this paper presents the potential of utilizing an agricultural waste. Pozzolanic material are produced by combustion of the waste from natural or artificial material. Pofa is by product from power electricity generation plants that used palm oil shells and palm oil bunches as burn materials. Predicting the significant characteristics of concrete. Much research has taken place on the use of ashes of organicagricultural wastes.
Pofa, a waste from palm oil mill and fly ash, a waste from coalburning power stations which are cheap and available. The present state of the use of palm oil fuel ash pofa in. In this investigation, three ashes were collected from different palm oil mills around malaysia and namely capofa, alpofa and ktpofa. This is because pof a contains siliceous composition which produces a stronger and denser concrete. The original size pofa termed op was ground until the median particle sizes were 15.
Palm oil fuel ash as potential green microfiller in polymer. Binary effect of fly ash and palm oil fuel ash on heat of. Pofa is by product from biomass product of power plant whereby oil palm residue such as fibre, shells and empty fruit bunches are burnt to generate electricity. Palm oil fuel ash pofa is a byproduct waste material from palm oil with many economic and environmental benefits.